Two centuries of monarch butterfly collections reveal contrasting effects of range expansion and migration loss on wing traits

First Author: 

  • Freedman

Type: 

  • Article

Year: 

2020

Source: 

  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Category: 

  • Physiology/behavior, Evolution/range, Migration, Population dynamics

Full Reference: 

Freedman, MG, Dingle, H, Strauss, SY, Ramírez, S. 2020. Two centuries of monarch butterfly collections reveal contrasting effects of range expansion and migration loss on wing traits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.117(46): 28887-28893. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2001283117

Online citation: 

Two centuries of monarch butterfly collections reveal contrasting effects of range expansion and migration loss on wing traits

Field Definitions

First author: Last name of the first author
Type: Article or book chapter
Year: Publication year
Source: Journal or book
Category*: Broad scope of the publication.
Research topic (monarch & supporting research only)*: Specific topic.
Geographic focus*: Geographic setting for field studies.
Monitoring data used: Data from monitoring or public data efforts.
* Full list